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Unraveling how a carbon fiber plate and space-age foam combine to make a more efficient shoe turns out to be trickier than expected

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Colin O’Brady thinks it’s possible—but just barely—to haul enough calories to traverse the continent. Here’s how.

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A new study suggests that hitting the gym more than twice a week is counterproductive. That seems unlikely.

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A new study suggests that running on autopilot is the most efficient approach.

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A new study finds that having “elite” levels of aerobic fitness increases longevity relative to merely “high” levels.

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Research on a pro cycling team suggests that subjective training metrics can match high-tech ones

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Evolutionary biologists weigh in on the eternal training dilemma of how to allocate time and energy to three different disciplines

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A crowdfunding project promises to bring smoother pack-carrying experiences to the masses

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A new study explores attitudes toward performance-enhancing drugs in the ultrarunning world

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Falls put 3,000 climbers a year in hospital, costing more than $20 million, according to a new study

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The man who raised the possibility of the feat back in 1991 takes another look into the crystal ball

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A stunning world record of 2:01:39 resets our understanding of what it means to run 26.2 miles.

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New research zeroes in on an unlikely culprit for why running gets less efficient as you fatigue.

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A new study bolsters the claim that afternoon or evening workouts can mess with sleep. But don’t panic just yet.

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The optimal number of sets in the weight room depends on whether you want to get big or strong

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An Italian cyclist takes aim at the sport’s most storied record, with the aid of a controversial fuel.

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Elite athletes are turning up the thermostat in pursuit of an edge

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A massive new study confirms the mental health benefits of exercise. Don’t let the negative spin get you down.

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Exactly how much power can a human produce? Scientists want to know.

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Four years of race data from a professional cycling team unveils some differences between the sexes

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Using machine learning to recognize who’s a serious competitive runner and who’s not could teach us something useful about avoiding injuries

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New research finds that those who can identify and regulate their emotions keep pushing when the going gets tough

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An in-depth biomechanical analysis of nearly everyone at the world track championships yields unexpected results

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You don’t train the same way every day. Here’s why you should periodize everything else, too.

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You’ve heard the hype about meditation and other "non-judgemental awareness" practices. Now check out the data.

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A survey of backpackers' tactics on the 220-mile high-country route offers insights on what works and what doesn’t

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Scientists point the finger at the brain chemical adenosine for the endurance-sapping effects of mental fatigue.

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The doctors who scrambled to rescue and triage survivors in 2015 look back in search of lessons.

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A study of the stress-reducing powers of wilderness explores “levels of nature.”

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Conventional wisdom says that drafting doesn’t matter when cycling up steep hills. It’s wrong.

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It feels good, but does it boost performance? Only randomized controlled trials can tell us.

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New research compares men’s and women’s pacing patterns, and finds some telling differences

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Researchers explore the psychology of running injuries

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Military researchers have spent years calculating the energy cost of hauling a pack in various conditions. Here's how to use what they’ve found.

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The myth that running causes osteoarthritis and ruins your knees has long been debunked. But what if your joints are already ruined?

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Keep getting your eight hours, but the science is more complicated than you might expect

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It's called accidentology. Yes, that's a real word.

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You'd think the fittest men and women on the planet would outlive the most sedentary ones. But you'd be wrong.

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The post-exercise recovery trend has produced mountains of new research. But can you trust the results?

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Thanks to smartphones and watches, athletes can track more data than ever. But is HRV all that really matters?

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A long-standing debate on how to optimize your endurance efficiency gets a new infusion of data

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A new study probes why athletes like Callum Hawkins sometimes push themselves to collapse

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A mathematical approach to flagging suspicious race times shows its worth

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A new study explores why we're stronger and faster when someone is watching

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Pain psychologists explore the differences between those who finish ultra-endurance races and those who don't

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An analysis of five decades of world records reveals a surprising shift in pacing approach

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A seasoned biomechanics expert offers his top insights on running-form danger signs

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The effort paradox explains everything from mountain climbing to buying IKEA furniture

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New research explores how ultraviolet light can trigger the production of health- and performance-boosting nitric oxide

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It's the most reliable performance booster in the world—unless you have the wrong genes

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A comprehensive research review finds that "neuromuscular" gains boost your speed and efficiency

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The world’s first four-minute miler has died, but his approach to the sport should live on

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In an era of specialization, a new study argues for diversifying your interests.

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With the arrival of a long-rumored drink, endurance athletes want to know

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For long-term health in endurance athletes, when you eat is nearly as important as how much you eat

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Scientists make the case for a new real-time measure of endurance effort

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Athletes have been shattering "expert" forecasts for the ultimate limits of our species for more than a century

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Testing the idea that you can improve your ability to eat on the run

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In an exclusive excerpt from his book 'Endure,' Outside's Sweat Science columnist explores the brain's role in setting our physical limits.

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Can a controversial new form of statistical profiling weed out cheaters?

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The hype around a new breed of running tech is raising the ire of biomechanists. Here's why.

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A new case study digs into the medical records of a lost diver's incredible survival story

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Forget training load and biomechanics. A surprising new study suggests that avoiding injury might come down to something far simpler.

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A new study wades into the controversy, with unexpected results

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Get the formula right and you'll never have to resort to the treadmill again

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With a few adjustments, you can minimize the “interference effect” between high mileage and your ability to build muscle

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After several years of conflicting results, new evidence shows that endurance is at least partly in your head

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You can tweak your workout to minimize the downsides of sucking on a tailpipe

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To get a clear picture of where research is headed, you have to look beyond the easy headlines

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You can't be super-lean all the time, so pick your moments—and watch your health

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Two new studies remind us of what we already know but sometimes forget

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It’s official: Nike’s Vaporfly shoes improve efficiency by 4 percent. What does that actually mean for racing?

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A new book delves into the science of mountain-ultra-trail running

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The protein and muscle guru Luc van Loon wants you to bulk up—and keep what you've got

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It sounds hokey, but it works in the lab—and for the greatest marathoner in the world

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A cycling study finds that the lure of a reward throws off pacing instincts

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Comparing 26.2 to shorter distances to see if Eliud Kipchoge was robbed by the weather in Berlin

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If you like Sweat Science, you'll love these books

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Scientists investigate hip straps—the benefits aren’t as obvious as you think

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Exploring the riddles of endurance and adventure, but only after peer review

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